Stonebreaker Language/Phrasal Verbs - Revision history

Maanahr: Spell-check.

2008-03-24T17:13:40Z

Spell-check.

Josellis: Added to the Stonebreaker Language category

2007-05-14T12:14:28Z

Added to the Stonebreaker Language category

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:14, 14 May 2007
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	Note that ''Anidna'' means to to return '''to''' and not '''from'''. This is an important distiction. ''Arka anid Akkaiol'' is 'Arka returns (goes back) to Akkaio'. ''Arka anven Domol'' is 'Arka returns home' or 'comes again to home'. Both are quite different from the concept of returning an object. This is expressed by the verb ''adonna''. ''Arka adon Ekk Harnquistol'' is 'Arka returns the axe to Harnquist'.		Note that ''Anidna'' means to to return '''to''' and not '''from'''. This is an important distiction. ''Arka anid Akkaiol'' is 'Arka returns (goes back) to Akkaio'. ''Arka anven Domol'' is 'Arka returns home' or 'comes again to home'. Both are quite different from the concept of returning an object. This is expressed by the verb ''adonna''. ''Arka adon Ekk Harnquistol'' is 'Arka returns the axe to Harnquist'.

			[[CATEGORY:Stonebreaker Language\|Prasal Verbs]]

Arka: formatting

2006-12-29T19:46:10Z

formatting

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:46, 29 December 2006
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	== Notes ==		= Notes =

			== Head Nouns ==
	= Head Nouns =
	The Head nouns are difficult to translate exactly into English - they express the concepts associated with the verb, and sometimes need whole phrases to describe them in English and other modern languages. In some cases, this is relatively well understood to the English speaker - 'Leadership' for example, expresses the concept of leading. We can also understand the corresponding quality of 'Followship' although we have no single word to describe this. The Stonebreaker word ''Dessidam'' is even harder to translate. It is the concept of going under something. When a Stonebreaker meets an underground obstacle(for example a seam of hard rock that is difficult to tunnel through) he has two options: to go round ''Rondidna'' or to go below ''Dessidna''. Going below carries more risks and requires a more carefully thought-out approach, but is usually the most efficient solution. This approach of carefully weighing the risks, working out an elegant and efficient way forward is expressed in the term ''Dessidam'' - the concept of going under a problem.		The Head nouns are difficult to translate exactly into English - they express the concepts associated with the verb, and sometimes need whole phrases to describe them in English and other modern languages. In some cases, this is relatively well understood to the English speaker - 'Leadership' for example, expresses the concept of leading. We can also understand the corresponding quality of 'Followship' although we have no single word to describe this. The Stonebreaker word ''Dessidam'' is even harder to translate. It is the concept of going under something. When a Stonebreaker meets an underground obstacle(for example a seam of hard rock that is difficult to tunnel through) he has two options: to go round ''Rondidna'' or to go below ''Dessidna''. Going below carries more risks and requires a more carefully thought-out approach, but is usually the most efficient solution. This approach of carefully weighing the risks, working out an elegant and efficient way forward is expressed in the term ''Dessidam'' - the concept of going under a problem.

	Different verbs can convey different subtleties in the language. So while ''Beridam'' conveys the idea of 'companionship while travelling' this is different from the concept of companionship in the sense of 'being with'. For this, the Stonebreakers use the verb ''Kumeina'' - to be with. This gives the Head noun ''Kumejam'' - 'being with'. Similarly, ''Kumvenna'' - to come together gives ''Kumvenam'' - companionship in gathering together - a sort of 'solidarity'. This ability to create concepts from actions or things makes Stonebreaker a language with which one can express extremely subtle thoughts and ideas.		Different verbs can convey different subtleties in the language. So while ''Beridam'' conveys the idea of 'companionship while travelling' this is different from the concept of companionship in the sense of 'being with'. For this, the Stonebreakers use the verb ''Kumeina'' - to be with. This gives the Head noun ''Kumejam'' - 'being with'. Similarly, ''Kumvenna'' - to come together gives ''Kumvenam'' - companionship in gathering together - a sort of 'solidarity'. This ability to create concepts from actions or things makes Stonebreaker a language with which one can express extremely subtle thoughts and ideas.

	= Roles or Actors =		== Roles or Actors ==

	Some of these equate easily to the corresponding English expressions. A leader is one who goes before (in space) - ''Preidnam''. However, some people go before in time, not in space - these are ''Altidnameth'' or 'forebears - previous generations. Other roles that have special significance are:		Some of these equate easily to the corresponding English expressions. A leader is one who goes before (in space) - ''Preidnam''. However, some people go before in time, not in space - these are ''Altidnameth'' or 'forebears - previous generations. Other roles that have special significance are:
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	*''Otidnam'' (penetrator) - this is a particulalry powerfully built and fearless Stonebreaker, who is called on to break through rock walls underground, for example when breaking into an existing chamber. It requires strength and ability to move out of danger quickly!		*''Otidnam'' (penetrator) - this is a particulalry powerfully built and fearless Stonebreaker, who is called on to break through rock walls underground, for example when breaking into an existing chamber. It requires strength and ability to move out of danger quickly!

	= Subtle Distinctions =		== Subtle Distinctions ==

	At first glance, ''Agidna'' and ''Elidna'' seem to amount to the same - 'to go past', 'to go by'. The first relates to someone passing someone else while moving; the second, passing a stationery person or object. ''Arka agideloo Garwin sul Vigom'' means 'Arka passed Garwin on the road' while ''Arka elideloo Garwin Barldomom'' is 'Arka passed Garwin by (outside) the Tavern'. In the second case, Garwin was standing outside the tavern; in the first, he was going along the same road, and '''in the same direction'''.		At first glance, ''Agidna'' and ''Elidna'' seem to amount to the same - 'to go past', 'to go by'. The first relates to someone passing someone else while moving; the second, passing a stationery person or object. ''Arka agideloo Garwin sul Vigom'' means 'Arka passed Garwin on the road' while ''Arka elideloo Garwin Barldomom'' is 'Arka passed Garwin by (outside) the Tavern'. In the second case, Garwin was standing outside the tavern; in the first, he was going along the same road, and '''in the same direction'''.

83.245.19.229: reconstructed

2006-12-28T20:47:58Z

reconstructed

New page

== To Go ==

The verb ''idna'' is used to mean 'to go' and has many derivatives. ''Idna'' is related to the type II noun ''Idam'' - travel - and ''Idart'' - a journey. Below are the main derivatives. These can allow an amazing array of subtle distinctions to be made.

{| cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="100%"
! Head
! Hand
! Adjective
! Infinitive
! Actor
|-
|width= 20% | ''Idam'' - travel
|width = 20%| ''Idart'' - a journey
|width=20% | ''Ida'' - travelling
|width=20% | ''Idna'' - to go
|width=20% | ''Idnam'' - traveller
|-
|width= 20% | ''Pedidam'' - walking
|width = 20%| ''Pedidart'' - a walk
|width=20% | ''Pedida'' - walking
|width=20% | ''Pedidna'' - to walk
|width=20% | ''Pedidnam'' - pedestrian, walker
|-
|width= 20% | ''Snellidam'' - fast travel
|width = 20%| ''Snellidart'' - a fast journey
|width=20% | ''Snellida'' - going quickly
|width=20% | ''Snellidna'' - to go fast
|width=20% | ''Snellidnam'' - racer
|-
|width= 20% | ''Pekidam'' - (small) travel
|width = 20%| ''Pekidart'' - a trip
|width=20% | ''Pekida'' - tripping
|width=20% | ''Pekidna'' - to go a short way
|width=20% | ''Pekidnam'' - tripper
|-
|width= 20% | ''Utidam'' - departure
|width = 20%| ''Utidart'' - a journey out, a sortie
|width=20% | ''Utida'' - going out
|width=20% | ''Utidna'' - to go out
|width=20% | ''Utidnam'' - embarker
|-
|width= 20% | ''Agidam'' - overtaking
|width = 20%| ''Agidart'' - a passing (of another traveller)
|width=20% | ''Agida'' - overtaking
|width=20% | ''Agidna'' - to overtake, go past
|width=20% | ''Agidnam'' - overtaker
|-
|width= 20% | ''Elidam'' - Passing by
|width = 20%| ''Elidart'' - a journey past something
|width=20% | ''Elida'' - passing by
|width=20% | ''Elidna'' - to pass by, go past
|width=20% | ''Elidnam'' - passer by
|-
|width= 20% | ''Imidam'' - entrance (from outside)
|width = 20%| ''Imidart'' - an entrance
|width=20% | ''Imida'' - entering
|width=20% | ''Imidna'' - to go in, enter
|width=20% | ''Imidnam'' - person going in
|-
|width= 20% | ''Adidam'' - ascent
|width = 20%| ''Adidart'' - a climb, an ascent
|width=20% | ''Adida'' - climbing, ascending
|width=20% | ''Adidna'' - to go up, ascend, climb
|width=20% | ''Adidnam'' - climber
|-
|width= 20% | ''Alidam'' - descent
|width = 20%| ''Alidart'' - a descent, climb down
|width=20% | ''Alida'' - descending
|width=20% | ''Alidna'' - to go down, descend, climb down
|width=20% | ''Alidnam'' - descender (see notes)
|-
|width= 20% | ''Podidam'' - follow-ship, loyalty
|width = 20%| ''Podidart'' - a position behind a leader
|width=20% | ''Podida'' - following
|width=20% | ''Podidna'' - to follow, go behind someone
|width=20% | ''Podidnam'' - follower
|-
|width= 20% | ''Preidam'' - leadership
|width = 20%| ''Preidart'' - the lead
|width=20% | ''Preida'' - leading
|width=20% | ''Preidna'' - to lead, go before
|width=20% | ''Preidnam'' - leader
|-
|width= 20% | ''Altidam'' - precedence
|width = 20%| ''Altidart'' - a precedent
|width=20% | ''Altida'' - preceeding
|width=20% | ''Altidna'' - to go before (in time), precede
|width=20% | ''Altidnam'' - forebear
|-
|width= 20% | ''Otidam'' - penetration, passage
|width = 20%| ''Otidart'' - a breakthough, passing through
|width=20% | ''Otida'' - passing through, penetrating
|width=20% | ''Otidna'' - to go through, penetrate
|width=20% | ''Otidnam'' - penetrator
|-
|width= 20% | ''Dessidam'' - subversion (see notes)
|width = 20%| ''Dessidart'' - a underpass, tunnel
|width=20% | ''Dessida'' - going under, tunnelling
|width=20% | ''Dessidna'' - to go under, tunnel
|width=20% | ''Dessidnam'' - tunneller (see notes)
|-
|width= 20% | ''Sulidam'' - juxtaposition
|width = 20%| ''Sulidart'' - a mount
|width=20% | ''Sulida'' - moounting
|width=20% | ''Sulidna'' - to get onto, mount
|width=20% | ''Sulidnam'' - horseman (lit 'mounter')
|-
|width= 20% | ''Beridam'' - companionship (when travelling)
|width = 20%| ''Beridart'' - a journey made in company, expedition
|width=20% | ''Berida'' - accompanying
|width=20% | ''Beridna'' - to go beside, accompany
|width=20% | ''Beridnam'' - travelling companion
|-
|width= 20% | ''Kumidam'' - setting out together
|width = 20%| ''Kumidart'' - a joint exit
|width=20% | ''Kumida'' - leaving together
|width=20% | ''Kumidna'' - to go (leave) with
|width=20% | ''Kumidnam'' - companion when leaving
|-
|width= 20% | ''Veridam'' - Approach (way, method)
|width = 20%| ''Veridart'' - an approach (physically)
|width=20% | ''Verida'' - approaching, going towards
|width=20% | ''Veridna'' - to go towards, approach
|width=20% | ''Veridnam'' - approaching person
|-
|width= 20% | ''Averidam'' - retreat
|width = 20%| ''Averidart'' - a retreat, flight
|width=20% | ''Averida'' - going away, fleeing
|width=20% | ''Averidna'' - to go away from, flee
|width=20% | ''Averidnam'' - retreater, fleer
|-
|width= 20% | ''Rondidam'' - circumvention (avoidance)
|width = 20%| ''Rondidart'' - a round trip
|width=20% | ''Rondida'' - circling
|width=20% | ''Rondidna'' - to go around
|width=20% | ''Rondidnam'' - someone who avoids problems - a strategist
|-
|width= 20% | ''Anidam'' - revisitation
|width = 20%| ''Anidart'' - a return trip
|width=20% | ''Anida'' - returning
|width=20% | ''Anidna'' - to go again, return to
|width=20% | ''Anidnam'' - returner
|}
<br>

== Notes ==

= Head Nouns =
The Head nouns are difficult to translate exactly into English - they express the concepts associated with the verb, and sometimes need whole phrases to describe them in English and other modern languages. In some cases, this is relatively well understood to the English speaker - 'Leadership' for example, expresses the concept of leading. We can also understand the corresponding quality of 'Followship' although we have no single word to describe this. The Stonebreaker word ''Dessidam'' is even harder to translate. It is the concept of going under something. When a Stonebreaker meets an underground obstacle(for example a seam of hard rock that is difficult to tunnel through) he has two options: to go round ''Rondidna'' or to go below ''Dessidna''. Going below carries more risks and requires a more carefully thought-out approach, but is usually the most efficient solution. This approach of carefully weighing the risks, working out an elegant and efficient way forward is expressed in the term ''Dessidam'' - the concept of going under a problem.

Different verbs can convey different subtleties in the language. So while ''Beridam'' conveys the idea of 'companionship while travelling' this is different from the concept of companionship in the sense of 'being with'. For this, the Stonebreakers use the verb ''Kumeina'' - to be with. This gives the Head noun ''Kumejam'' - 'being with'. Similarly, ''Kumvenna'' - to come together gives ''Kumvenam'' - companionship in gathering together - a sort of 'solidarity'. This ability to create concepts from actions or things makes Stonebreaker a language with which one can express extremely subtle thoughts and ideas.

= Roles or Actors =

Some of these equate easily to the corresponding English expressions. A leader is one who goes before (in space) - ''Preidnam''. However, some people go before in time, not in space - these are ''Altidnameth'' or 'forebears - previous generations. Other roles that have special significance are:

* ''Alidnam'' (descender) - this person leads an exploration of undiscovered tunnels underground - this needs particular skills and courage. Deciding who will be the ''Alidnam'' is an important step in any underground exploration.

* Dessidnam (tunneller) - this person is the engineer in the mining squad. He or she works out the best way to tunnel through the rock and gives the orders to the diggers. This is a highly skilled job and requuires expertise in geology, maths, physics and how to resolve forces.

*''Otidnam'' (penetrator) - this is a particulalry powerfully built and fearless Stonebreaker, who is called on to break through rock walls underground, for example when breaking into an existing chamber. It requires strength and ability to move out of danger quickly!

= Subtle Distinctions =

At first glance, ''Agidna'' and ''Elidna'' seem to amount to the same - 'to go past', 'to go by'. The first relates to someone passing someone else while moving; the second, passing a stationery person or object. ''Arka agideloo Garwin sul Vigom'' means 'Arka passed Garwin on the road' while ''Arka elideloo Garwin Barldomom'' is 'Arka passed Garwin by (outside) the Tavern'. In the second case, Garwin was standing outside the tavern; in the first, he was going along the same road, and '''in the same direction'''.

The difference between ''Beridna'' and ''Kumidna'' can be best shown by example. ''Arka berid Garwinom'' means 'Arka goes (along) with Garwin'. ''Arka kumid Garwinom'' means 'Arka goes (leaves) with Garwin. In the first case, Arka and Garwin are going somewhere together; in the second they just leave at the same time. Similarly, ''Voyelõ Arka en Garwin feknam Beridart'' means 'I saw Arka and Garwin making a journey together', while ''Voyelõ Arka en Garwin feknam Kumidart'' means 'I saw Arka and Garwin making an exit together'. ''Arka ideloo Akkaiol. Garwin eloo Kumidnam'' - 'Arka went to Akkaio. Garwin left with her (literally was her 'leaving-companion'). We don't know if they continued their journey together - in this case Garwin would have been ''Beridnam'' - a travelling companion. ''Beridam ei Sekorirt'' - 'travelling together is safe' ('a safe thing'). ''Kumidam ei Nagarart'' - 'leaving together is bad ('a bad thing').

Note that ''Anidna'' means to to return '''to''' and not '''from'''. This is an important distiction. ''Arka anid Akkaiol'' is 'Arka returns (goes back) to Akkaio'. ''Arka anven Domol'' is 'Arka returns home' or 'comes again to home'. Both are quite different from the concept of returning an object. This is expressed by the verb ''adonna''. ''Arka adon Ekk Harnquistol'' is 'Arka returns the axe to Harnquist'.

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:13, 24 March 2008
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	\|width= 20% \| ''Altidam'' - precedence		\|width= 20% \| ''Altidam'' - precedence
	\|width = 20%\| ''Altidart'' - a precedent		\|width = 20%\| ''Altidart'' - a precedent
	\|width=20% \| ''Altida'' - ~~preceeding~~		\|width=20% \| ''Altida'' - preceding
	\|width=20% \| ''Altidna'' - to go before (in time), precede		\|width=20% \| ''Altidna'' - to go before (in time), precede
	\|width=20% \| ''Altidnam'' - forebear		\|width=20% \| ''Altidnam'' - forebear
	\|-		\|-
	\|width= 20% \| ''Otidam'' - penetration, passage		\|width= 20% \| ''Otidam'' - penetration, passage
	\|width = 20%\| ''Otidart'' - a ~~breakthough~~, passing through		\|width = 20%\| ''Otidart'' - a breakthrough, passing through
	\|width=20% \| ''Otida'' - passing through, penetrating		\|width=20% \| ''Otida'' - passing through, penetrating
	\|width=20% \| ''Otidna'' - to go through, penetrate		\|width=20% \| ''Otidna'' - to go through, penetrate
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	\|width= 20% \| ''Sulidam'' - juxtaposition		\|width= 20% \| ''Sulidam'' - juxtaposition
	\|width = 20%\| ''Sulidart'' - a mount		\|width = 20%\| ''Sulidart'' - a mount
	\|width=20% \| ''Sulida'' - ~~moounting~~		\|width=20% \| ''Sulida'' - mounting
	\|width=20% \| ''Sulidna'' - to get onto, mount		\|width=20% \| ''Sulidna'' - to get onto, mount
	\|width=20% \| ''Sulidnam'' - horseman (lit 'mounter')		\|width=20% \| ''Sulidnam'' - horseman (lit 'mounter')
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	* ''Alidnam'' (descender) - this person leads an exploration of undiscovered tunnels underground - this needs particular skills and courage. Deciding who will be the ''Alidnam'' is an important step in any underground exploration.		* ''Alidnam'' (descender) - this person leads an exploration of undiscovered tunnels underground - this needs particular skills and courage. Deciding who will be the ''Alidnam'' is an important step in any underground exploration.

	* Dessidnam (tunneller) - this person is the engineer in the mining squad. He or she works out the best way to tunnel through the rock and gives the orders to the diggers. This is a highly skilled job and ~~requuires~~ expertise in geology, maths, physics and how to resolve forces.		* Dessidnam (tunneller) - this person is the engineer in the mining squad. He or she works out the best way to tunnel through the rock and gives the orders to the diggers. This is a highly skilled job and requires expertise in geology, maths, physics and how to resolve forces.

	*''Otidnam'' (penetrator) - this is a ~~particulalry~~ powerfully built and fearless Stonebreaker, who is called on to break through rock walls underground, for example when breaking into an existing chamber. It requires strength and ability to move out of danger quickly!		*''Otidnam'' (penetrator) - this is a particularly powerfully built and fearless Stonebreaker, who is called on to break through rock walls underground, for example when breaking into an existing chamber. It requires strength and ability to move out of danger quickly!

	== Subtle Distinctions ==		== Subtle Distinctions ==
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	The difference between ''Beridna'' and ''Kumidna'' can be best shown by example. ''Arka berid Garwinom'' means 'Arka goes (along) with Garwin'. ''Arka kumid Garwinom'' means 'Arka goes (leaves) with Garwin. In the first case, Arka and Garwin are going somewhere together; in the second they just leave at the same time. Similarly, ''Voyelõ Arka en Garwin feknam Beridart'' means 'I saw Arka and Garwin making a journey together', while ''Voyelõ Arka en Garwin feknam Kumidart'' means 'I saw Arka and Garwin making an exit together'. ''Arka ideloo Akkaiol. Garwin eloo Kumidnam'' - 'Arka went to Akkaio. Garwin left with her (literally was her 'leaving-companion'). We don't know if they continued their journey together - in this case Garwin would have been ''Beridnam'' - a travelling companion. ''Beridam ei Sekorirt'' - 'travelling together is safe' ('a safe thing'). ''Kumidam ei Nagarart'' - 'leaving together is bad ('a bad thing').		The difference between ''Beridna'' and ''Kumidna'' can be best shown by example. ''Arka berid Garwinom'' means 'Arka goes (along) with Garwin'. ''Arka kumid Garwinom'' means 'Arka goes (leaves) with Garwin. In the first case, Arka and Garwin are going somewhere together; in the second they just leave at the same time. Similarly, ''Voyelõ Arka en Garwin feknam Beridart'' means 'I saw Arka and Garwin making a journey together', while ''Voyelõ Arka en Garwin feknam Kumidart'' means 'I saw Arka and Garwin making an exit together'. ''Arka ideloo Akkaiol. Garwin eloo Kumidnam'' - 'Arka went to Akkaio. Garwin left with her (literally was her 'leaving-companion'). We don't know if they continued their journey together - in this case Garwin would have been ''Beridnam'' - a travelling companion. ''Beridam ei Sekorirt'' - 'travelling together is safe' ('a safe thing'). ''Kumidam ei Nagarart'' - 'leaving together is bad ('a bad thing').

	Note that ''Anidna'' means to to return '''to''' and not '''from'''. This is an important ~~distiction~~. ''Arka anid Akkaiol'' is 'Arka returns (goes back) to Akkaio'. ''Arka anven Domol'' is 'Arka returns home' or 'comes again to home'. Both are quite different from the concept of returning an object. This is expressed by the verb ''adonna''. ''Arka adon Ekk Harnquistol'' is 'Arka returns the axe to Harnquist'.		Note that ''Anidna'' means to to return '''to''' and not '''from'''. This is an important distinction. ''Arka anid Akkaiol'' is 'Arka returns (goes back) to Akkaio'. ''Arka anven Domol'' is 'Arka returns home' or 'comes again to home'. Both are quite different from the concept of returning an object. This is expressed by the verb ''adonna''. ''Arka adon Ekk Harnquistol'' is 'Arka returns the axe to Harnquist'.

	[[CATEGORY:Stonebreaker Language\|~~Prasal~~ Verbs]]		[[CATEGORY:Stonebreaker Language\|Phrasal Verbs]]